Rand Paul and Private Discrimination
Rand Paul has been in the news of late. The Tea Party candidate won Kentucky’s Republican senatorial primary on Tuesday and has been on the airwaves ever since pushing what some call a radical agenda — criticizing, at least in part, landmark American laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. His most discussed moment came on the Rachel Maddow show on Wednesday night:
Let me put one fundamental point front and center that unfortunately often needs to be repeated: it is entirely possible to abhor racism and discrimination of any sort and still be against laws that legally prohibit private discrimination. First, these laws inherently narrow the scope of what the First Amendment protects by limiting our right to associate with whom we wish. Second, the question of whether the federal government can constitutionally reach private discrimination is completely different than the question of whether the federal government can constitutionally reach public discrimination. The latter can be accomplished under section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment because the requisite state action exists. The former has nothing to do with state action and thus can only be reached through Congress’s commerce power. These are two entirely different legal questions.
Paul touched on the free speech issue (though not sufficiently) but he didn’t attempt to explain the question surrounding the federal government’s power to prohibit private discrimination. He mentioned the advantages of having such decisions made locally but didn’t question the federal government’s power to pass such laws. As a result this important legal nuance went unaddressed and remains so in all the post interview buzz in the media.
This is a conversation worth having. We shouldn’t evaluate the propriety of a federal law based solely on whether we like what it’s trying to do. As inconvenient as it might be, we also have to consider whether government has the power to do it.
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Andrei Mincov